2025 Efficient solutions for recurrent miscarriages due to follicular dysplasia
Introduction: The Underestimated Fertility Threat When Emily had her third miscarriage, her doctor told her, “Your problem is not repeated miscarriages, but difficulty getting pregnant at all.” Data shows that 86.17% of infertile women suffer from follicular dysplasia, while 73.2% of spontaneous miscarriage patients suffer from the same problem. The quality of follicles not only determines the chances of conception, but also affects the health of embryos – this invisible killer is quietly destroying the fertility hopes of countless families. I. Clinical signs of follicular dysplasia 1.1 Gold standard of normal follicles Mature follicles should have the following characteristics: Morphology: full round or oval shape, 18-22mm in diameter, thin and clear inner wall.Functionality: accompanied by clear, pulpy cervical mucus and an estrogen (E2) level of 200-300 pg/mL. 1.2 Four major types of abnormal follicles Follicular hypoplasia: <18 mm in diameter, common in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Follicular malformation: irregular morphology, low turgor, and growth rate <1mm/day. Follicular stagnation: development stops at <14mm in diameter, most commonly seen in premature ovarian failure. Follicular atresia: diameter >22mm but no ovulation, luteinizing hormone (LH) peak is absent. Data Support: Follicles <12.5mm in diameter have difficulty forming good quality blastocysts (Fertility and Sterility, 2020). Clinical pregnancy rates for follicles 19-22mm in diameter are 31.5%, while pregnancy rates drop to 28% for >22mm. II. Breakthrough research: new perspectives on follicular dysplasia 2.1 Metabolic catastrophe of high-fat diet Animal experiments reveal: High fat group vs normal group: 40% increase in malformed follicles and 55% increase in abnormal luteal function in mice on high fat diet.Hormonal disruption: testosterone (T) levels were elevated by 30%, and estradiol (E2) and progesterone (P) decreased by 25%, directly inhibiting follicular maturation.Inflammation and oxidative stress: serum IL-6 and MDA (malondialdehyde) levels are elevated 2-fold, impairing oocyte mitochondrial function.Clinical revelation: weight…